原文: 松下问童子,言师采药去。
只在此山中,云深不知处。
译文及注释:
松下问童子,询问师傅去采药。
只在这山中,云雾深处不知所在。
注释:
松下:指松树下面。
童子:指年轻的男孩子。
言师:说的是师父。
采药:指采集草药。
此山:指当前所在的山。
云深不知处:指云雾笼罩,看不清楚。
译文及注释详情»
鉴赏:
《松下问童子》是唐代诗人贾岛的一首诗歌,以寻访隐者为主题,表达了士大夫们的清高情怀和追求自我修养的精神。
在中国传统文化中,松、竹、梅被称为岁寒三友,代表着坚贞不屈的品格和崇高的精神境界。而本诗就以松为背景,描述了诗人在松林中寻访隐者未果,向隐者的徒弟询问的过程。
在诗中,“松下问童子”这句开头表面上交代了作者寻访隐者的情节,而在深层次上则对隐者的生活情致进行了渲染。接下来三句都是童子的回答,逐步深入地揭示了隐者采药去了的情况。诗人通过一连串的层层追问,巧妙地运用了言约意赅的手法,使得整首诗言简意赅、意味深长,给人留下了无限遐想的空间。
童子的第一答:“言师采药去”从全诗结构出发,从环境氛围的渲染,进入到行动的白描,从抽象进入到具体,展示了隐者采药的一些特征。在古代,追求长生不老的思想非常普遍。但隐者注重的是自身修炼,悟道、养生与服药等是其主要的内容。因此,采药对隐者来说不仅仅是获得保健养生之药,更在于攀峰登岭的体育锻炼。所以,能够采药的隐者往往具备着高深的道行,颜如童子,行动飘逸自如。
童子的第二答则是针对诗人问隐者何处采药的回答,表达了明确的意图。通过这两句话的衔接,诗人渲染出了一种惆怅和失落感,使整首诗具有强烈的感情色彩和深刻的内涵。
总之,《松下问童子》这首诗歌通过描述一个寻访隐者的过程,表达了士大夫们的清高情怀和追求自我修养的精神境界,极具文化内涵和艺术价值。
鉴赏详情»
译文及注释:
贾岛、苍松下、童子、师傅
苍松下,我询问隐者的童子他的师傅到哪里去了?他说,师傅已经采药去了。还指着高山说,就在这座山中,可是林深云密,我也不知道他到底在哪。
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英译:
The poet Jia Dao is the subject of this poem, written by an anonymous author. It tells of a conversation between the author and one of Jia Dao's pupils, who is questioned regarding the whereabouts of his teacher. The pupil responds that Jia Dao has gone searching for herbs in the mountains, but cannot specify which direction due to the dense clouds obscuring their view.
Although brief, this poem captures the essence of Jia Dao's life and work as a poet. Like many poets of his time, he was deeply connected to nature and often drew inspiration from the natural world. In this case, he is depicted as a wanderer in the mountains, seeking out plants and herbs that might be useful in his art or for medicinal purposes.
Despite the vagueness of the pupil's response, the poem suggests that Jia Dao's teachings and influence endure even in his absence. The imagery of the mountain and clouds also hints at the transcendent quality of his poetry, which sought to capture the ineffable beauty of the natural world and convey it through words. Overall, this poem is a testament to Jia Dao's lasting legacy as a poet and his enduring impact on Chinese literature.
英译详情»
贾岛简介: 贾岛(779年-843年),字浪仙(亦作阆仙),范阳(今河北省涿州市)人,唐朝著名诗人,与韩愈同时,有诗奴之称,自号碣石山人。